Penile lengthening surgery encompasses several surgical techniques designed to make the penis appear or become longer, especially in the flaccid (non-erect) state. These surgeries are usually performed for cosmetic reasons rather than as treatment for functional issues.
The most common lengthening procedure is called ligamentolysis. In this surgery, doctors cut the suspensory ligament that attaches the penis to the pubic bone, which allows more of the shaft to hang outside the body, increasing the apparent (but not functional) length.
Other surgical approaches may include liposuction of fat at the pubic area or the use of tissue grafts, but these are less commonly performed for the purpose of increasing length alone.
The effectiveness of penile lengthening surgery is limited and controversial:
- Average gain: Studies indicate an increase in visible length in the flaccid state—typically around 1-2 cm (about half to three-quarters of an inch). Some studies report gains up to 3-4 cm, but results vary and are sometimes exaggerated.
- Erect length: The length of the penis when erect almost always remains unchanged, as the ligament only affects how much of the internal shaft is visible outside the body; it does not actually add tissue.
- Satisfaction: Patient satisfaction is mixed. Some men report improved self-esteem; many are dissatisfied or experience regret, especially if complications arise or expectations were unrealistic.
- Scarring and appearance: The scar may be visible, and the penis may have an unnatural angle during erection. Frustrated by Lack of Results from Enlargement Methods? Here's to Enlargement Techniques that Really Work!
- A 2017 review in the journal Sexual Medicine Reviews found that published studies are small, poorly designed, and often lack standardized measurement methods or adequate follow-up. Gains in apparent length are genuine, but limited.
- The European Urology guidelines and most urological associations conclude that evidence for safety and effectiveness is weak or low quality, and that these surgeries should rarely, if ever, be performed for cosmetic reasons.
All surgeries carry risks. With penile lengthening procedures, risks can be substantial:
- Infection: As with any surgery, there’s a risk of infection at the surgical site.
- Scarring: Unsightly or excessive scarring can occur, which may affect both appearance and function.
- Loss of sensation: Damage to nerves during the procedure can lead to reduced sensitivity, numbness, or even pain.
- Instability: The suspensory ligament also helps support the penis during erection. Cutting it can lead to a "floppy" or unstable erection that may point downward.
- Poor wound healing: The area may heal poorly, requiring additional surgeries.
- Penile deformity: Changes in angle, contour, or symmetry may occur.
- Loss of function: Rarely, erectile dysfunction can result from surgery.
- Psychological distress: Dissatisfaction with the outcome can worsen anxiety, body image issues, or depression.
Long-term studies are lacking. Some men experience chronic pain or erectile dysfunction after surgery. Repeat surgeries (to address complications) are not uncommon. Losing Confidence Due to Penis Shrinkage or Perceived Decrease? Get Started In the Safest Possible Way...
Most major medical and urological organizations advise against penile lengthening surgery for men with a normal-sized penis. Surgery may be considered in cases of micropenis (erect length < 7.5 cm or 3 inches), usually caused by hormonal/genetic issues.
Men considering surgery because of body image concerns should seek counseling first. Many surgeons and mental health providers recommend thorough psychological evaluation before considering surgery.
Non-surgical options—including counseling, sexual therapy, and lifestyle changes (like weight loss, which can make the penis appear larger)—are safer, less invasive, and often more effective for improving satisfaction and sex life.
Penile lengthening surgery rarely lives up to expectations. It offers only modest cosmetic improvements at the risk of significant complications and disappointment. For most men, the risks far outweigh the benefits.
If you are seriously considering this type of surgery:
- Consult with a board-certified urologic surgeon who specializes in genital surgery.
- Set realistic expectations.
- Seek a psychological assessment to address underlying anxieties or body image issues.
- Thoroughly weigh the limited benefits against the very real risks.
Remember: Most men who seek these surgeries already have a penis within the normal size range, and there is no proven correlation between penis size and partner satisfaction.
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- American Urological Association. (Patient resources, position statements)
- Veale, D., et al. (2014). "Psychological and physical outcomes following penile elongation surgery," European Urology.
- Chung, E., et al. (2017). "Penile augmentation surgery: indications, techniques, and complications," Sexual Medicine Reviews.